Bypass surgery is a procedure in which surgeons take a vein from another part of the body---typically the chest, leg or arm---and use it to bypass a vein or artery in the heart that has become narrowed or blocked. A blockage can be caused by plaque, which is made up of fat, cholesterol, calcium and other substances. The goal of bypass surgery is to resume normal blood flow to the heart. The Cleveland Clinic estimates that 800,000 heart bypass surgeries are performed each year.
Lifestyle changes
Lifestyle changes following heart bypass surgery are crucial, since the surgery will not prevent recurrence of coronary artery disease. Doctors will prescribe medications and suggest that patients quit smoking, treat high blood pressure and diabetes, exercise, eat healthfully and bring down cholesterol levels. Patients will also be asked to participate in a cardiac rehabilitation program. Patients will have several post-operative doctor visits following surgery. This phase of recovery typically lasts about two months. Most patients can return to driving three to eight weeks after surgery.
Sleeping
It is not uncommon for patients to experience sleeping abnormalities after heart bypass surgery. Sleep problems are caused by the effects of anesthesia, discomfort from the surgery and healing, and the stress of such an enormous procedure. Some tips for overcoming difficulties sleeping include taking pain medication about a half-hour prior to going to bed. It is recommended to follow the same ritual every day and to avoid daytime naps. Those who have had invasive heart surgery may experience more stress following their operation. It is important to manage this stress because it could lead to depression. If sleeping difficulties persist for two months or more, consult your physician.
General tips for recovering from surgery
It is not unusual for patients to experience swelling in their legs, especially if the graft was taken from that area. Keeping the leg elevated will alleviate swelling, and wearing special TED leg hose also improves circulation and manages swelling. Some people also have constipation, which can be treated with a gentle laxative. Patients will also be more aware of sounds or sensations coming from their chest. It is perfectly normal to hear a clicking sound a few days following surgery, which will dissipate in a week or so. Any feelings of pain or discomfort are also very normal for any person recovering from surgery with a healing incision. Pain medication will help ease discomfort and promote sleep. Patients who experience problems, pain or discomfort for more than six to eight weeks should contact their doctor or detail their complaints at follow-up appointments.
