Diabetes causes high levels of blood glucose or blood sugar. Many diabetic patients take insulin to lower blood sugar levels. Blood sugar levels should be regularly monitored to ensure proper treatment.
Symptoms
According to the Mayo Clinic, diabetic patients may experience increased thirst, extreme hunger and frequent urination (see Reference 1). Blurred vision, fatigue and unexplained weight loss may occur with diabetes.
Infections
Individuals with diabetes may experience frequent infections such as vaginal infections, bladder infection and skin infections (see Reference 1). Infections of the gums and slow-healing sores have been reported by diabetics.
Cardiovascular Disease
The risks of developing narrowing of the arteries, heart attacks and strokes are much higher for people with diabetes (see Reference 1).
Nerve Damage
High blood sugar levels damage blood vessels that nourish the nerves, especially in a patient's legs (see Reference 1). Tingling, burning and numbness can lead to complete loss of feeling in the legs if diabetes is left untreated.
Kidney Damage
Diabetes can damage the small blood vessels in the kidneys and lead to kidney failure (see Reference 1). Kidney dialysis or a kidney transplant may become necessary.
Other Effects
Patients with diabetes may be susceptible to bone and joint disorders such as osteoporosis, fungal infections and itching (see Reference 1).
